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Sadness
  • Behaviour that is in response to a loss of something pleasureful or nutrient. (Robert Plutchik - see here, accessed 27 October 2017Adaptive behaviour = Reintegration.
  • Evolved Communicative Function: Vision handicapped by tears to show appeasement. Gain sympathy. (Wikipedia, accessed 27 October 2017)
  • Facial Cues: The corners of the mouth go down in a frown. The inner corners of the eyebrows may go up. The eyes may look down and/or water. (Ekman & Friesen - see Second Step, p.102, Committee for Children 2002, accessed 16 July 2020)
  • Questions to self: How must I adjust my life to the loss? What problem needs to be solved? Do I need to connect to others?
  • Similar emotions: Grief, Sorrow, Depression, Self-Pity, Disappointment.
  • Opposite emotions: Happiness.
Black and white sun
  • Bach Flower Remedies: Gentian [discouraged], Wild Rose [apathy].
  • California Flower Essences: Borage [discouraged, disheartened], Yerba Santa [deep sadness].
Quotes

A main function for sadness is to help adjust to a significant loss, such as the death of someone close or a major disappointment. Sadness brings a drop in energy and enthusiasm for life’s activities, particularly diversions and pleasures, and, as it deepens and approaches depression, slows the body’s metabolism. This introspective withdrawal creates the opportunity to mourn a loss or frustrated hope, grasp its consequences for one’s life, and, as energy returns, plan new beginnings. This loss of energy may well have kept saddened and – and vulnerable – early humans close to home, where they were safer. (Daniel Goleman, Emotional Intelligence, p.7)

Russell [Helen Russell] talks about sadness being a “problem-solving” emotion. Research from the University of New South Wales shows that it can improve our attention to detail, increase perseverance, promote generosity and make us more grateful for what we’ve got. “It’s the emotion that helps us connect to others,” she adds. “We’re nicer, better people in some ways when we are sad.”
(Jamie Waters, The Guardian, posted and accessed 24 April 2022)


Walking away from a closed door
Why do you believe happiness should come in the way you expect it to? You are presented with so many possibilities! But instead of noticing them, you cling to your own idea of happiness. You hope a door is going to open. . . but there it is, still closed. Rather than lamenting before this closed door, remind yourself that others may open nearby. . . or even just a small window. This is how disappointments can prove useful: they lead you to discover things you would have never stumbled upon otherwise.
(O.M. Aïvanhov, Sparks of Light on Our Path, p.13)


Resources
This is part of a series on Emotion

Also see:-

Emotion

Emotion Index


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Page last updated: 22 January 2025.